20 aastat füsioteraapia õpet Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkoolis – arengud ja tänapäev
Jaga
Tartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool on füsioterapeute põhiõppes koolitanud alates 2001. aastast. Selle aja jooksul on õppekava läbinud olulisi arenguetappe käsikäes füsioteraapia eriala ja elukestva õppe arengutega ning see jätkub sama sihikindlalt.
Õppekava arengut suunab 2021. aasta alguses koostatud ja kinnitatud osakonna tegevuskava aastateks 2021–2025. Vaadates lühiajaliselt tagasi, on elukestvat õpet silmas pidades õppimisvõimalused avardunud ning alates 2018. aastast saab füsioterapeudi haridust omandada osakoormusega õppes Tallinnas. Lähitulevikus on eesmärgiks koolitada füsioterapeute ka kõrghariduse teise astme õppes, mille väljundiks on magistrikraadi saamine.
Olulised teenused kogukonnale
Lisaks teoreetilistele teadmistele peavad füsioterapeudil olema väga head praktilised oskused. Oluliseks uuenduseks võib pidada kogemusõpet, millele oleme viimastel aastatel õppetöös suurt rõhku pööranud. See tähendab, et õppejõudude juhendamisel pakuvad tudengid õppetöö osana kogukonnale erinevaid teenuseid. Näiteks tegutses koroonaviiruse eelsel ajal kõrgkoolis neuroloogilise kahjustusega patsientidele teraapiarühm ja toimusid ka iganädalased võimlemistunnid eakatele, väikelastele ja rasedatele.
Arvatavasti on kuri viirus tulnud meie juurde selleks, et jääda oluliselt kauemaks, kui endale tunnistada tahame. Me ei saa oma tööd selle pärast pausile panna – üliõpilastele tuleb luua tingimused õppimiseks ja vajalike pädevuste omandamiseks. Seega on paaril viimasel aastal olnud oluliseks õppekava arenduseks regulaarne praktikumide ja õppepraktikate sooritamine kõrgkooli kompetentsikeskuses. Kõik tegevused on kliendi- ja patsiendiohutust silmas pidades korraldatud äärmise ettevaatlikkusega.
Näiteks eelmisel õppeaastal pakuti ravimassaaži õppepraktika ajal kogukonnale kõrgkooli kompetentsikeskuses kokku 338 massaažiseanssi ja lõpupraktikana 85 füsioteraapia individuaaltundi, 8 rühmatundi (selja- ja jõutreeningut) ning 7 konsultatsiooni.
Teenuste maht kasvab igal aastal jõudsalt ning tagasiside nii õppuritelt kui ka teenuse saajatelt on äärmiselt positiivne ja tunnustav.
Kiire kohanemisvõime
Õppepraktika osatähtsus füsioterapeudi eriala õppes on alati olnud suur, moodustades ligi kolmandiku. Tavapäraselt on kliinilised praktikad toimunud praktikabaasides. Käsikäes tervishoiu ja füsioteraapia valdkonnas toimuvate arengutega (kaugteenuste kasutuselevõtt), on info- ja kommunikatsioonitehnoloogiate (IKT) kiire areng (ja muidugi COVID-19) ajendanud tegema innovaatilisi kohandusi ka õppepraktikate sisus ja vormis.
Kui n-ö esimesel koroona-aastal oli üliõpilastele praktikabaasidesse ligipääs suures mahus takistatud, pidid praktiliste kogemustega õppejõud enda loovuse proovile panema. Niisiis sooritasid üliõpilased õppepraktikaid digitehnoloogiliste vahendite ja meetodite abil, kuid mitte veel kaugteenuse vormis. Kohanemisvõime on tähtis ning kui hea pinnas on loodud ja kogemused saadud, toimub arenemine kiiresti ning mitmest olulisest uuendusest pole enam põhjust taganeda.
Seoses IKT arengute ja jätkuva ülemaailmse COVID-19 olukorraga hakati analoogselt ülejäänud maailmaga kõrgkooli kompetentsikeskuses õppepraktikate raames pakkuma füsioteraapia kaugteenust (samuti telerehabilitatsiooni, e-praktikat; 2021. aasta kevadel kokku 41 korda). Ehkki hirm uudse teenuse pakkumise ees oli suur, selgus hiljem teenuse saajate seas tehtud rahuloluküsitlusest, et kaugteenust hinnati sama tõhusaks kui kontaktteenust. See on väga heaks ajendiks kaugteenuse võimaluste edasiseks arendamiseks meie praktikabaasis. Selleks andis panuse ka mõttevahetus Türgi Hatay Mustafa Kemali Ülikooli välislektori, professor Esra Dogru Huzmeliga, kes külastas kõrgkooli sel sügisel seoses koostööprojektiga „Electrical Stimulation“.
Esimest korda käivitati eelmisel õppeaastal ka taskuhäälingute seeria – teemadel „Vaimne tervis“ ja „Ülekoormusvigastused“ osales kokku 4000 kuulajat.
Seega on praegu füsioteraapias suurimaks võtmesõnaks tehnoloogiate arendamine, kuna rehabilitatsioonipatsientide maht vanusespektris on kasvutrendis. Piiratud ressursside ja ajaga tuleb saavutada maksimaalseid tulemusi. Robootika ja virtuaalreaalsus on tänapäeva füsioteraapias laialdased ning nende osakaal tõuseb kindlasti veelgi. Tehnoloogia arendamine pole võõras ka meie osakonnale. Koostöös Tartu Ülikooli teadlaste ja osaühinguga GVcorrect on hoogsalt käimas x-jalgsuse korrigeerimiseks mõeldud patendeeritud seadme ja meetodi arendustegevus.
Õppekaval on alati olnud prioriteediks pakkuda meie õppuritele võimalust osaleda uurimistöödes ja empiirilistes lõputöödes. Sel kevadel lükati õppekava õppejõudude eestvedamisel käima jällegi kolm uut rakendusuuringut. Näiteks alustati füsioteraapia eriala üliõpilaste elustiili ja tervisenäitajate ning tervishoiutöötajate skeletilihasvaevuste kaardistamist. Borealis Holding OÜ ühe eestvedaja Peeter Kümmeli initsiatiivil asusid õppejõud sel sügisel selgitama massaažitoolide eeliseid ja puudusi. Uurimistööde tulemusi saab lugeda muu hulgas kõrgkooli uurimistööde kogumist, aga ka füsioteraapia ja tervisekaitse osakonna loodud hea nõu blogist: nooruse.ee/heanou.
„Aeg ei loe midagi. Üks päev võib tähendada palju, ja hulk aastaid mitte midagi. Ainult seal, kus seisavad arengu viidapostid, on toimunud midagi, mis jääb“ (Manfred Kyber). Toimunud on palju ja areng ei peatu. Meie ülesandeks ei ole kindlasti mitte ainult ajaga kaasas käia, vaid olla ka sammuke ees, et õigeaegselt saaks tööandja vajadused kaetud.
Tugevat tervist meile kõigile!
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